This course will provide a foundational understanding of soil science, covering its key aspects from formation to management.
I. Introduction to Soil Science
- Definition and importance of soil
- Historical development of soil science
II. Soil Formation and Development
- Factors affecting soil formation:
- Parent material
- Climate
- Living organisms
- Topography
- Time
- Processes of soil formation:
- Weathering
- Leaching
- Humification
- Soil horizon development
III. Physical Properties of Soil
- Soil texture (sand, silt, clay) and its analysis
- Soil structure (aggregation) and its impact on water and air movement
- Porosity and pore space
- Bulk density and particle density
- Soil water: types, movement, and water holding capacity
IV. Chemical Properties of Soil
- Soil pH and its impact on nutrient availability
- Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and nutrient adsorption
- Major and minor plant nutrients
- Organic matter: decomposition and its role in soil fertility
V. Soil Biology and Ecology
- Soil organisms (microbes, macrofauna) and their functions
- The soil food web: interactions and nutrient cycling
- Importance of soil biodiversity for healthy soil function
VI. Soil Classification and Survey
- Introduction to soil taxonomy (soil order systems)
- Soil maps and their interpretation
- Identifying soil types based on morphology and properties
VII. Soil Management and Applications
- Soil fertility management: fertilizers, manures, and organic amendments
- Soil conservation practices: erosion control, tillage management
- Soil health and its importance for sustainable agriculture and environmental protection
VIII. (Optional) Special Topics in Soil Science
- Soil and climate change
- Soil remediation and pollution management
- Soil and water quality
Coursework may include:
- Lectures and discussions
- Laboratory exercises: soil texture analysis, pH measurement, etc.
- Field trips to observe soil profiles and practices
- Research projects or presentations
- Teacher: Christopher Munogoh
